With the Issuance of E-Commerce Regulation No. (4) of 2025
Iraq is witnessing a significant legal transformation with the issuance of E-Commerce Regulation No. (4) of 2025 by the Council of Ministers. This regulation constitutes the first comprehensive legislative framework of its kind to govern commercial activities conducted online.
The regulation establishes clear foundations for the practice of e-commerce, striking a balance between encouraging digital innovation and ensuring consumer protection through a set of controls designed to enhance trust in electronic transactions.
Key pillars of the regulation include:
The establishment of a unified national electronic platform for the issuance and full remote management of licenses to conduct e-commerce activities.
Regulation of the obligations of online merchants, including commitments to price transparency, warranties, payment methods, and after-sales services.
The imposition of strict standards for the protection of customer data, prohibiting its use or circulation without explicit consent.
Subjecting online commercial advertising to legal oversight aimed at protecting consumers from misleading or deceptive practices.
This regulation represents a qualitative step toward modernizing Iraq’s legal environment in line with the requirements of the global digital economy. It lays the foundation for a new phase of trust in electronic dealings among the state, society, and the private sector.
At Egal Law Firm, we view this development as clear evidence of the maturity of national legislation and Iraq’s readiness to enter a genuine phase of digital transformation in commerce and investment.
